What is Polysomnography?
Polysomnography (PSG) is a comprehensive overnight sleep study conducted in a sleep lab to diagnose sleep disorders. It monitors various physiological parameters during sleep, helping physicians assess conditions like obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), periodic limb movement disorder, narcolepsy, and other sleep-related breathing or movement disorders.
Indications for an In-Lab Sleep Study
Your doctor may recommend polysomnography if you experience:
- Loud snoring, choking, or gasping during sleep (suspected sleep apnea)
- Excessive daytime sleepiness or unexplained fatigue
- Frequent awakenings or insomnia with no clear cause
- Unusual movements or behaviors during sleep
- Difficulty staying asleep or feeling unrefreshed after sleep
- Suspected narcolepsy or other hypersomnia disorders
Preparation for the Sleep Study
To ensure accurate results, follow these guidelines before your sleep study:
- Avoid caffeine and alcohol on the day of the test
- Keep your regular sleep schedule before the study
- Shower and avoid lotions or oils that may interfere with electrode placement
- Bring comfortable sleepwear, personal hygiene items, and any necessary medications
- Inform the doctor or sleep technician of any specific concerns or mobility issues
What to Expect During the Procedure
- Upon arrival, a sleep technician will explain the process and place sensors on your scalp, face, chest, and legs to monitor brain waves, breathing, oxygen levels, heart rate, and muscle activity.
- Elastic belts around your chest and abdomen measure breathing effort, and a nasal cannula records airflow.
- You will be asked to sleep in a private, comfortable room while being monitored.
- If sleep apnea is detected, a CPAP titration study may be conducted in the same night or at a later date to determine the appropriate air pressure for treatment.
Follow-Up and Results
- After the study, a sleep specialist will analyze the data and provide a detailed report.
- Your doctor will discuss the findings, confirm any diagnosis, and recommend treatment options such as CPAP therapy, lifestyle modifications, or further evaluations if necessary.
- Early diagnosis and management of sleep disorders can significantly improve sleep quality and overall health.
If you experience persistent sleep issues, a polysomnography test can provide crucial insights into your sleep health. Consult your doctor to determine if a sleep study is right for you.